Shalmaneser I

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King Shalmaneser I, pouring out Dust of a Conquered City in front of an Assyrian Temple after returning victorious.

Shalmaneser I (Shulmanu-asharidu), king of Assyria, reigned 1263–1233 BC.

Son of Adad-nirari I, he succeeded his father as King in 1263 BC. He carried on a series of campaigns against the Aramaeans in northern Mesopotamia, annexed a portion of Cilicia to the Assyrian empire, and established Assyrian colonies on the borders of Cappadocia.

According to his annals, discovered at Assur, in his first year he conquered eight countries in the north-west and destroyed the fortress of Arinnu, the dust of which he brought to Assur. In his second year he defeated Shattuara, king of Hanilgalbat, and his Hittite and Ahlamu allies. He incorporated remains of Mittani kingdom, as part of one of the Assyrian province. Shalmaneser I also claimed to blinded 14,400 enemies prisoners in one eye. He was one of the first Assyrian kings who was known to deport his defeated enemies to various lands rather than simply slaughtering them all.

He conquered the whole country from Taidu to Irridu, all of mount Kashiar to Eluhat and the fortresses of Sudu, Harranu to Carchemish on the Euphrates. He built palaces at Assur and Nineveh, restored "the world-temple" at Assur, and founded the city of Nimrud. He was succeeded by his son Tukulti-Ninurta I.

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• This article incorporates text from the Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition, a publication now in the public domain.

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