窩夫
维基百科，自由的百科全书
窩夫（en:Waffle），又叫華夫、格子餅、格仔餅、壓花蛋餅，是一種烤餅，源於比利時，用專用的烤盤(waffle iron)烤成。烤盤上下兩面呈格子狀，一凹一凸，把倒進去的麵糊壓出格子來。
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[编辑] 製法
倒入下方烤盤凹陷處，上面的凸狀蓋子蓋下，把麵糊壓出格子來，再放在爐火上烤製而成。近年有用電的烤盤。
[编辑] 不同種類的窩夫
窩夫傳到不同地區，有不同吃法。
[编辑] 比利時
- 比利時窩夫（Belgian waffle ），又名布魯塞爾窩夫（Brussels waffle），餅身較厚，格子較大。製作比利時窩夫的麵糊加入酵母、蛋白，所以較為鬆脆。常於早餐時吃，除了可配牛油、糖漿外，還可配搭草莓、藍莓、草莓、覆盆子、香蕉等水果一起吃，也可配冰淇淋，有時亦會作為甜品食用。
- 列日窩夫（Liège waffle），源自比利時東面城市列日（Liège），於公元十八世紀由一名居於列日王子主教區（Bishopric of Liège，又稱prince-bishop of Liège）的廚師所創。通常於街上小店舖售賣，即叫即做，即買即吃，一些超級市場亦有售賣。體積較比利時窩夫小，較甜，口感亦較實，裹著的一層焦糖令這種窩夫有點小甜。大部份為原味，亦有在麵糊加入香草味或肉桂味香料的。吃時可在上面加上水果、奶油、巧克力等。
[编辑] 美國
- 美式窩夫（Traditional waffles ），1620年由朝聖者吸取荷蘭的製法所創，美國人常作早餐食品，食用時塗上牛油，淋上糖漿，亦有其他食法（如淋上巧克力糖漿，或放水果再灑糖霜在表面）。格子較比利時窩夫小，餅身亦較薄，烤至鬆脆，一份有四、五個疊起。常作快餐食用。與比利時窩夫最大不同之處，在於美式窩夫用發粉代替酵母和蛋白。
[编辑] 英國
- 馬鈴薯窩夫（potato waffle）是一種深受英國人喜愛的冷藏食品，是一種用脫水馬鈴薯用水浸泡後，加上食油、調味料製成的鹹食，用烤麵包機、烤箱或烤架烘烤或用平底鍋煎，用作配菜或小吃，吃時可夾煎蛋或芝士，灑上胡椒粉和鹽。不少冷藏食品公司，例如麥肯食品（McCain Foods Ltd.）和雀目牌（Birdseye，又稱伯宰或鳥眼）均有製造這種窩夫。
[编辑] 香港
- 港式窩夫是香港常見的街頭小吃之一，香港人稱為「格仔餅」，通常由街頭流動小販售賣，格子較比利時窩夫小，一般呈圓形，分成四等份，麵糊以雞蛋、砂糖、麵粉及淡奶混合而成。人們通常都會在格仔餅的一面塗上牛油、花生醬及砂糖，再對摺夾起成半圓狀。烤好的格子餅吃起來有點鬆軟，而且味甜。傳統上的港式格仔餅都是金黃色、帶有蛋香的食品。但近年來，格仔餅發展出不同的口味如巧克力口味、蜜瓜口味等，不但變化出不同口味，更帶出不同顏色的格子餅。
[编辑] 韓國
[编辑] 其他
- 糖窩夫（Sugar waffle）
- 軟窩夫（Soft waffle）
- 餅乾窩夫（Biscuit waffle）
- 水果窩夫（Fruit waffle）
[编辑] Medieval origins
The modern waffle has its origins in the late Middle Ages. Waffle irons consisted of two metal plates connected by a hinge, with each plate connected to a wooden arm. Some plates had imprinted designs such as a coat-of-arms or landscape, while some had the now-familiar honeycomb/gridiron pattern (there is evidence that in the 14th century only wealthy kitchens would have irons). The iron was placed over a fire and would need to be flipped manually to cook both sides of the waffle.
These irons were used to produce a variety of different flat, unleavened cakes (usually from a mixture of barley and oats, not the white flour used today). Some were rolled into a horn or tube, others were left flat. In many cities, waffles were sold off carts by street vendors. Judging from extant illustrations, these vendors gave people their money's worth, as the waffles in question were about the size of a small pizza, although there was a hidden cost: because of stone grinding methods, there was so much grit in the flour that teeth were often worn to the gum-line by middle age.
According to Alan Hindley's Old French - English Dictionary, the medieval French term for waffle was "gauffre." This became "waffre" in English by at least the 15th century. According to the Gode Cookery Website, vendors of these goods were called "wafferers" in English-speaking places.
[编辑] Trivia
- The Belgian Waffle was introduced into North America during the 1964 New York World's Fair by its Belgian inventor, Maurice Vermersch. Observing that most Americans didn't know where Brussels actually was, he decided to change the name from "Brussels Waffle" to the "Belgian Waffle".
- Waffles in Flanders are often associated with the Flemish comic strip Nero by Marc Sleen. The characters enjoy a waffle feast ("wafelenbak") at the end of nearly each adventure.
- Frozen waffles made their convenience food debut in U.S. grocery stores in 1953.
- Waffle House is a large chain of franchise restaurants in the U.S.
- In Germany and the Nordic countries the waffle is thin, similar to a pancake.
- Europe's largest waffle factory is situated in Nuth, The Netherlands, where a variety of waffles made up of two thin waffles with a spread of sugar cane syrup or sometimes maple syrup in between is popular (stroopwafel).
- It was the sweet food item chosen to represent Belgium in the Café Europe initiative of the Austrian presidency of the European Union, on Europe Day 2006.
- Thomas Jefferson is known for bringing a waffle iron to the U.S. from France in the 1790's, increasing their popularity. Waffle parties were a common form of entertainment at the time.
[编辑] See also
- Brown Bobby
[编辑] External links
- Picture of wafers being made from around 1340
- References from Chaucer to wafers and waferers from The Miller's Tale and The Pardoner's Tale
- Food timeline entry for waffles.
- Medieval wafers with whipped cream
- Discussion of wafers in the Middle Ages.
