Leonhard Euler
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Leonhard Euler (pronunţat oiler) (AFI /ˈɔɪlər/) (n. 15 aprilie 1707, Basel, Elveţia - d. 18 septembrie 1783, Sankt Petersburg, Rusia) a fost un matematician şi fizician elveţian. Leonhard Euler este considerat a fi fost forţa dominantă a matematicii secolului al 18-lea şi unul dintre cei mai remarcabili matematicieni şi savanţi multilaterali ai omenirii. Oricum, alături de influenţa considerabilă pe care a exercitat-o asupra matematicii şi matematizării ştiinţelor stau atât calitatea şi profunzimea, dar şi prolificitatea extraordinară a scrierilor sale, opera sa exhausivă (dacă ar fi publicată vreodată) putând cu uşurinţă umple 70 - 80 de volume de dimensiuni standard.
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[modifică] Works
The works which Euler published separately are:
- Dissertatio physica de sono (Dissertation on the physics of sound) (Basel, 1727, in quarto)
- Mechanica, sive motus scientia analytice; expasita (St Petersburg, 1736, in 2 vols. quarto)
- Ennleitung in die Arithmetik (ibid., 1738, in 2 vols. octavo), in German and Russian
- Tentamen novae theoriae musicae (ibid. 1739, in quarto)
- Methodus inveniendi lineas curvas, maximi minimive proprietate gaudentes (Lausanne, 1744, in quarto)
- Theoria motuum planetarum et cometarum (Berlin, 1744, in quarto)
- Beantwortung, &c., or Answers to Different Questions respecting Comets (ibid., 1744, in octavo)
- Neue Grundsatze, c., or New Principles of Artillery, translated from the English of Benjamin Robins, with notes and illustrations (ibid., 1745, in octavo)
- Opuscula varii argumenti (ibid., 1746-1751, in 3 vols. quarto)
- Novae et carrectae tabulae ad loco lunae computanda (ibid., 1746, in quarto)
- Tabulae astronomicae solis et lunae (ibid., quarto)
- Gedanken, &c., or Thoughts on the Elements of Bodies (ibid. quarto)
- Rettung der gall-lichen Offenbarung, &c., Defence of Divine Revelation against Free-thinkers (ibid., 1747, in 4t0)
- Introductio in analysin infinitorum (Introduction to the analysis of the infinites)(Lausanne, 1748, in 2 vols. 4t0)
- Scientia navalis, seu tractatus de construendis ac dirigendis navibus (St Petersburg, 1749, in 2 vols. quarto)
- Theoria motus lunae (Berlin, 1753, in quarto)
- Dissertatio de principio mininiae actionis, ' una cum examine objectionum cl. prof. Koenigii (ibid., 1753, in octavo)
- Institutiones calculi differentialis, cum ejus usu in analysi Intuitorum ac doctrina serierum (ibid., 1755, in 410)
- Constructio lentium objectivarum, &c. (St Petersburg, 1762, in quarto)
- Theoria motus corporum solidoruni seu rigidorum (Rostock, 1765, in quarto)
- Institutiones,calculi integralis (St Petersburg, 1768-1770, in 3 vols. quarto)
- Lettres a une Princesse d'Allernagne sur quelques sujets de physique et de philosophie (St Petersburg, 1768-1772, in 3 vols. octavo)
- Anleitung zur Algebra, or Introduction to Algebra (ibid., 1770, in octavo); Dioptrica (ibid., 1767-1771, in 3 vols. quarto)
- Theoria motuum lunge nova methodo pertr.arctata (ibid., 1772, in quarto)
- Novae tabulae lunares (ibid., in octavo); La théorie complete de la construction et de la manteuvre des vaisseaux (ibid., .1773, in octavo)
- Eclaircissements svr etablissements en favour taut des veuves que des marts, without a date
- Opuscula analytica (St Petersburg, 1783-1785, in 2 vols. quarto). See Rudio, Leonhard Euler (Basel, 1884).
[modifică] Further reading
- Euler Leonhardt : "Lettres à une Princesse d'Allemagne"; free book at http://www.bookmine.org ;
- Euler, Leonhard (1748). Introductio in analysin infinitorum. English translation Introduction to Analysis of the Infinite by John Blanton (Book I, ISBN 0387968245, Springer-Verlag 1988; Book II, ISBN 0387971327, Springer-Verlag 1989).
- Dunham, William (1999). Euler: The Master of Us All, Washington: Mathematical Association of America. ISBN 0-88385-328-0.
- Heimpell, Hermann, Theodor Heuss, Benno Reifenberg (editors). 1956. Die großen Deutschen, volume 2, Berlin: Ullstein Verlag.
- Krus, D.J. (2001) Is normal distribution due to Karl Gauss? Euler, his family of gamma functions, and place in history of statistics. Quality and Quantity: International Journal of Methodology, 35, 445-446.(Request reprint).
- Simmons, J. (1996). The giant book of scientists: The 100 greatest minds of all time, Sydney: The Book Company.
- Singh, Simon. (2000). Fermats letzter Satz, Munich: Deutscher Taschenbuch Verlag.
- Lexikon der Naturwissenschaftler, Spektrum Akademischer Verlag Heidelberg, 2000.
[modifică] See also
- List of topics named after Leonhard Euler
- Mathematical constants
- Complex number
- Euler's conjecture
- Euler's disk
- Euler's rotation theorem
- Euler's three-body problem
- Thirty-six officers problem
- Euler number
- Euler's totient function sau Indicatorul lui Euler
- Child prodigy
- Eulerian path
- Euler diagram
- Euler-Lagrange equation
- Euler product
- Euler angles
[modifică] External links
- Format:MacTutor Biography
- Euler Archive
- Biography of Leonhard Euler
- Format:MathGenealogy
- Format:ScienceWorldBiography
