纵波
维基百科,自由的百科全书
目录 |
[编辑] 纵波的定义
纵波是指在传播介质中质点的震动方向与波的传播方向平行的一类波。
[编辑] 非電磁波
非電磁波的縱波的例子有聲波(壓力的傳遞、粒子位移、彈性物質中粒子速度的傳遞)以及地震波中的P波(由地震或爆炸引起)。
[编辑] 聲波
where:
- y(x,t) is the displacement of particles from the stable position, in the direction of propagation of the wave;
- x is the displacement from the source of the wave to the point under consideration;
- t 為經過的時間。
- y0 為此振盪的振幅。
- c 為波速。
- ω 為此波之角頻率。
物理量 x/c is the time that the wave takes to travel the distance x.
The (nonangular) frequency of the wave can be found using the formula
而f 是波的頻率,常以Hz計.
就聲波來說,振幅 of the wave is the difference between the pressure of the undisturbed air and the maximum pressure caused by the wave.
聲波的傳播速度與溫度、壓力、介質有關。