Википедија:Прочитани чланци/Снимање аудио датотеке

Из пројекта Википедија

< Википедија:Прочитани чланци

[уреди] Савети

Огг Ворбис аудио формат се пропуручује да користите. Предлажемо да аудио фајл подесите на следећи начин: 48 kbit/s, 44.1 kHz mono

Коначно име фајла би требало да буде исто као име чланка који се чита заједно са екстензијом ogg. Ако фајл снимите на Оставу, његово име мора да садржи префикс „sr-“, јер се ради о прочитаном чланку на српском језику.

Третирајте линкове и повезнице као обичан текст док читате. Било какве назнаке на линкове или повезнице могу да наруше ток и концентрацију слушаоца.

Читајте више спорије од нормалног за око 25%. Требало би да имате 150–160 речи по минути како би слушалац могао нормално да региструје прочитано.

Започните ваше снимање са: »Име чланка, из Википедије, слободне енциклопедије, `С`, `Р`, тачка, `в`,`и`,`к`,`и`,`п`,`е`,`д`,`и`,`а`, тачка, орг.«; а на крају изговорите: »Овај звучни запис и текст чланка су лиценцирани под ГНУ-овом Лиценцом за слободну документацију«

Када дођете до поднаслова, прочитајте их јасно и нешто гласније од остатка.

[уреди] Алати за аудио снимање које препоручујемо

Користите аудио алате који могу да снимају део по део као што су:

Audacity (слободан извор за Mac, Windows и Linux) и
GoldWave.

Садржај

1 Савети
2 Алати за аудио снимање које препоручујемо
3 Production tips
- 3.1 Removing noise
- 3.2 Sound levels
4 Sample configurations
5 Sample encoding script
6 Recording assistance
7 See also

Овај чланак или један његов део није преведен.
Ако сматрате да сте способни да га преведете, кликните на картицу уреди и преведите га, обавезно водећи рачуна о стилу и правопису.

[уреди] Production tips

Speak across the microphone or to the side of it, rather than directly into it, to avoid pops and breath noise. A distance of several centimetres away from the microphone is recommended.

Another method of reducing pops and breath noises is to make a homemade screen. Form a circle with a coat hanger, cover it with an old pair of tights/pantyhose, and speak through it into the microphone.
Mess up a take? — Instead of stopping the recording, just stop speaking, then speak out "three, two, one" and then start reading again. You can easily edit out the "flub" since the countdown gives you a cue on where to make the edit, and gives you some "silence" to edit in.
Stay relaxed. Whenever you realize that your voice is becoming tenser than normal, or you're having more and more trouble speaking fluently, take a break, and resume when you feel muscular tension going away. Keep some fresh (not cold) water in reach, and drink some whenever you feel your mouth drying out. Also, speak outward, with your chin up. Posture and facial expressions can affect voice recordings.
Try standing up. If you think your voice sounds a little thin or lacking in expression, standing while recording might help. Radio announcers and actors regularly stand while speaking to lend additional depth and confidence to their performance.
Volume levels — make sure your audio levels are high but not clipping and, if you can, compress and normalize your audio.
For those unfamiliar with "audio" terminology, a brief description of these terms:
- Compression is a dynamic levelling of audio, making loud parts quieter, and the quiet parts louder, so that a consistent sound level is achieved (on professional audio gear where 0 dB is maximum, −12 dB is a good place to level the average RMS for speech). Beware of excessive compression, as it will make noise stand out (even after noise reduction) and could exaggerate some sounds of speech.
- Normalization is a calculated adjusting of audio so that the loudest peak is set to maximum potential volume, generally it is close to 0 dB (on professional audio gear where 0 dB is maximum, −10 dB is a good place to normalize the average RMS for speech).
- RMS — see Audio power

[уреди] Removing noise

You should remove background noise from all your recordings. Here is a guide to doing this in Audacity.

Make your recording.
Select a chunk of the recording where you were not speaking. You should see a slight bumpiness on the line, representing the background noise.
Select Effect → Noise Removal → Step 1 → Get Noise Profile.
Select the entire recording (Ctrl+a).
Go to Effect → Noise Removal → Step 2.
Drag the slider a little to the left, towards Less.
Select Remove Noise.

The reason for moving the slider is that the default setting is rather powerful, and is likely to affect the sound quality by removing too much noise. When in doubt, remove too little rather than (irreversibly) removing too much. A clue that you might have removed too much noise is hearing "bubbles" ("speaking in a glass"-like sounds) in the recording.

Even at the lowest setting, this tool should remove all audible background buzz. If it is not able to deal with the background noise, then you probably need to record it again, this time without buses and motorbikes going by your window!

If all this seems like a lot of hassle, then send a message to a fellow contributor (such as User:Mdd4696) and they'll do it for you.

[уреди] Sound levels

You should be adjusting the recording volume so that the peaks you see on the screen do not touch the top and bottom when you speak. If they do, then "clipping" will occur (part of the sound information will be lost) and you'll just get a blaring noise. On the other hand, the volume should be set fairly high.

Once you have finished the recording, you should boost its volume. If you perform normalization as described above, the volume will increase. Normalization will amplify the signal as much as possible without causing "clipping". If normalization does nothing, then the software can't boost your voice without clipping. In this case, the chances are that you set the recording volume too high. It is also possible that there is a peak at some point in the recording because you made a loud noise (common culprits are: shouting the first few words of a sentence; coughing; clicking the tongue; choking on food; scraping your chairlegs on the ground...). You should try to edit that out, or perhaps just have another try.

It is also possible to select individual parts of your recording and boost them separately. However, compression (part of the "Dynamics Processing" effect in Adobe Audition) does this automatically and dynamically on a far finer scale. Compression is preferable.

[уреди] Sample configurations

Alkivar – Dell PC, Sony's Sound Forge, RØDE NT1 ($499).
Andrevan – Custom-built PC, Windows XP, Pentium 4 2.4 GHz, 512 MB RAM, SoundBlaster Live! Value, generic Dell microphone, Audacity.
blankfaze – eMachines PC, Windows XP, 1.3 GHz, 256 MB RAM, some old microphone I've had since about 1997, Audacity.
brian0918 – Custom-built PC, Windows XP, Audacity, Logitech USB microphone
Ckamaeleon — Gateway desktop ca. 2000: 800 mHz, 256 MB RAM, Ubuntu Linux, Audacity (ALSA), generic OEM mic.
Darobsta - Toshiba Satellite L10 Laptop, Windows XP Pro, SM58 microphone, CoolEdit Pro 2.0, Technics RP-F300 stereo headphones
Demi – Dell Latitude laptop, $11 microphone, OpenBSD. Using sox and oggenc.
DO'Neil – PC running Windows XP, Audacity, recordings done with a cheap Verbatim headset microphone.
Fuzheado – Apple iBook G4 1 GHz, MacOS 10.3.8, Audacity, built-in microphone
Luigi30 – PC running Windows XP. Recording with GoldWave to either high or low bitrate Ogg Vorbis depending on length, and using a headset microphone.
Rfc1394 – Hewlett-Packard a305w running Windows XP home with noname generic $6.00 microphone, built-in sound card and Audacity.
silsor – home-built Athlon PC with cheap ES1371 sound card, Audacity/ALSA/Debian (all free software), $3 microphone. If I can do it so can you!
Tmalmjursson – Dell Optiplex GX260, running Linux (Mandriva) With Audacity Version 1.2.4, £19 Headset Mic (Trust), Onboard Sound (Intel 82801 Chipset) - Total cost: £1300
Troythompson – home-built Athlon PC, Windows XP, Audacity, Plantronics series headset (about $40 USD).
Trevor Caira – Dell Dimension T500 with an emu10k1, Slackware Linux 10.1.0 ALSA, ecasound, oggenc, LADSPA, Shure SM57, Behringer Eurorack
mrdallaway – Apple Mini, MacOS Tiger, Audacity, iSight microphone
MykReeve – Apple PowerBook G4 1.33 GHz, MacOS 10.3.9, Audacity, built-in microphone
User:Cluth – Apple PowerBook G4 1.67 GHz, MacOS 10.4.5, Audacity/Logic Pro/Soundtrack Pro, Shure SM7B, Mackie Onyx 1220 with FireWire card (I'm a broadcast journalism student and independent radio producer)
Linuxbeak – home-built Pentium 4 based PC running Gentoo Linux. Audacity, ALSA, Soundblaster Audigy card with a generic microphone.
SatCam – Dell PC running Windows 2000 Pro. Using Audacity with a Shure SM7B ($350) (Behringer mixer for preamp)
Pbeesley1989 – HP Pavilion DV1000 Laptop running Windows XP Professional. Using a Creative Technology HS-400 headset (around £20) and Audacity.
Peter McGinley – Custom built Pentium 4 2.6GHz PC running Windows XP. Using an Altec Lansing AHS-502i headset and Audacity.
Cchan199206 Using a Dell PC, with a $25 logitech headset and Audacity. And a SBLive! 5.1.
NEX2NUN Apple iBook G4 (1.33 GHz), Mac OS X (Version 10.4.7), Audacity, M-Audio MobilePre USB (preamp), Shure 8900 mic (w/"pop screen")
Veratien – Packard Bell A8550 dual booting Debian Sarge and Windows XP. Recording onto external USB storage using an AKG C3000B through a Behringer Eurodesk MX2442A into an external EM-U 1616M DSP. Mastered using Audacity on both machines and operating systems. Total cost: ~£2200 (I'm a Music Composition student.)

[уреди] Sample encoding script

DanielHolth uses this text as a shell script to encode and tag his spoken articles:

#!/bin/sh
oggenc -q0 $1 -c "copying=Licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License:  http://www.fsf.org/licensing/licenses/fdl.txt" -c "article=$2" \
-c source="From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia: www.wikipedia.org" \
-c "version=`date`" -c performer="Daniel Holth, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:DanielHolth, <dholth@fastmail.fm>"

After calling the script "encode.sh", encode.sh wavefile.wav "articleurl" encodes and tags the spoken article.