Ovruch
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Ovruch (Ukrainian: Овруч) is a city in the Zhytomyr Oblast (province) of western Ukraine. It is the administrative center of the Ovrutsky Raion (district). The current estimated population is around 17,000 (as of 2005).
Ovruch originated as an important town of Kievan Rus, first mentioned as Vruchiy in 977. In 1483, Crimean Tatars destroyed the settlement. According to the Treaty of Lublin (1569), Volhynia with Ovruch formed a province of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth.
The only mark of the town's antiquity is St. Basil's Church, commissioned by Rurik II of Kiev from his court architect Pyotr Miloneg in the late 1190s. The church was built in Rurik's votchina and was dedicated to his patron saint.
[edit] Architecture
St. Basil's Church has four pillars, three apses and one dome. The western facade is flanked by two round towers, probably in imitation of the Saint Sophia Cathedral in Kiev. The building is distinguished by elaborate brick facades, interlaced with bands of polished colored stone. The complicated design of pilasters points to a complex system of roofing and to a very high dome. The dome and vaults collapsed during the siege of Ovruch by Gediminas in 1321. The ruins of the church survived until 1842, when they crumbled, with the exception of three apses and a portion of the northern wall with an arch.
In 1907 Aleksey Shchusev was commissioned to restore the church to its presumed original form, incorporating the remains of Rurik's church into his edifice. Restoration works lasted for two years and won Schusev the prestigious title of the Academician of Architecture. More recently, the accuracy of his restoration has been questioned, as it did not take into account the complicated system of vaulting and the considerable height of the drum. As a consequence of this oversight, the drum was restored according to a model characteristic of more archaic churches rather than for the turn of the 13th century. Adjacent buildings of St. Basil's Convent were built on the model of medieval architecture of Pskov simultaneously with the restoration of the main church.
[edit] References
- Памятники градостроительства и архитектуры Украинской ССР. Kiev, 1983-86. Vol. 2, page 153 (online)
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Subdivisions of Zhytomyr Oblast, Ukraine |  |
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Raions: Andrushivskyi | Baranivskyi | Berdychivskyi | Brusylivskyi | Cherniakhivskyi | Chervonoarmiiskyi | Chudnivskyi | Korostenskyi | Korostyshivskyi | Luhynskyi | Liubarskyi | Malynskyi | Narodytskyi | Novohrad-Volynskyi | Olevskyi | Ovrutskyi | Popilnianskyi | Radomyshlskyi | Romanivskyi | Ruzhynskyi | Volodarsko-Volynskyi | Yemilchynskyi | Zhytomyrskyi |
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Cities: Andrushivka | Baranivka | Berdychiv | Korosten | Korostyshiv | Malyn | Novohrad-Volynskyi | Olevsk | Ovruch | Radomyshl | Zhytomyr |
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Urban-type settlements: Brusyliv | Cherniakhiv | Chervonoarmiisk | Chudniv | Liubar | Luhyny | Narodychi | Popilnia | Romaniv | Ruzhyn | Volodarsk-Volynskyi | Yemilchyne | more... |
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Villages: more... |
