Brody
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
- For other uses, see Brody (disambiguation).
Brody (Ukrainian: Броди, Russian: Броды, Yiddish: בראָד, translit. Brod) is a city in the Lviv Oblast (province) of western Ukraine. It is the administrative center of the Brodivsky Raion (district), and is located in the valley of the upper Styr River, approximately 90 kilometres northeast of the oblast capital, Lviv. As of 2004, its population is 23,239.
During July-August 1945 (World War II), Brody and the nearby areas saw the battles of a strategically important Lvov-Sandomierz Operation where the Soviet army successfully encircled and destroyed German forces.
Brody is the junction place of the Druzhba and Odessa-Brody oil pipelines. The city is located at .
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[edit] History
The first mention of a settlement on the site of Brody is dated 1084 (Instructions by Volodymyr Monomach). It is believed to have been destroyed by Batu Khan in 1241.
From 1441 Brody were property of different feudal families (Yan Seninsky, from 1511 - Kamenetski).
Brody was granted Magdeburg rights and city status in 1546. At this time it was known under the name Lubich (Любич, Polish: Lubicz) that gave name to the Lubicz Coat of Arms of the owner, Stanislaw Zolkiewski (not to be confused with Lubech, Lubecz).
From 1629, the city became the property of Stanislav Koniecpolski, who transformed it into a fortress (1630-1635). In 1648, Bohdan Khmelnytsky was unable to capture it for about 8 weeks.
Since the 17th century, the city was populated not only by Ukrainians and Poles, but with a significant number of Jews, Armenians, Greeks and Scots.
In 1704 Brody were bought by Pototski family. In 1734 fortress was destroyed by Russian troops and rebuilt again by Stanislav Potocki in baroque style. In 1772 Brody became a part of Habsburg Empire (from 1804 - Austrian Empire). In 1812 Vincent Pototski was forced by the Austrian government to remove the city's fortifications.
A crossroads and a Jewish trade center in the nineteenth century, the city is considered to be one of the shtetls. It was particularly famous for the Brodersänger or Broder singers, who were among the first to publicly perform Yiddish songs outside of Purim plays and wedding parties.
The promulgation of the May Laws, and the massive exodus of Russian Jews which was its result, took the leaders of Western Jewry completely by surprise. Throughout 1881, hundreds of immigrants… kept arriving in Brody daily. Their arrival placed Austrian and German coreligionists in a quandary… the comfortable middle-class Jewish community of Central and Western Europe looked instinctively to the Alliance Israelite Universelle, the world's largest and most respected Jewish philanthropic agency, to bring order out of chaos, to cope with the huge influx of newcomers. (Howard M. Sachar)
[edit] Famous Jews
- Adolph Baller, pianist
- Berl Broder (Berl Margulis), Broder singer
- Zvi Hirsch Chajes, rabbi and talmudist
- Hans Kelsen (father was born there)
- Nachman Krochmal
- Max Margules
- Jacques Mieses (parents from Brody; he was born in Leipzig
- Amalia Nathansohn-Freud (1835–1930), mother of Sigmund Freud
- Joseph Ludwig Raabe
- Joseph Roth (1894-1939), Austrian writer
- Baal Shem Tov
- Daniel Abraham Yanofsky, Canadian Chess Player. See German-language article.
- Iuliu Barasch, Physician
[edit] Nearby towns
[edit] References
- Howard M. Sachar, The Course of modern Jewish history. Vintage Books (a division of Random House) Chapter 15
[edit] External links
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to: |
- Brody in the Encyclopedia of Ukraine
- (Ukrainian) Brody site
- (English) ShtetLinks Site for Brody
- Brody Ghetto
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Subdivisions of Lviv Oblast, Ukraine |  |
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Raions: Brodivskyi | Buskyi | Drohobytskyi | Horodotskyi | Kamianka-Buzkyi | Mostyskyi | Mykolaivskyi | Peremyshlianskyi | Pustomytivskyi | Radekhivskyi | Sambirskyi | Skolivskyi | Sokalskyi | Starosambirskyi | Stryiskyi | Turkivskyi | Yavorivskyi | Zhovkivskyi | Zhydachivskyi | Zolochivskyi |
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Cities: Belz | Bibrka | Boryslav | Brody | Busk | Chervonohrad | Dobromyl | Drohobych | Dubliany | Hlyniany | Horodok | Kamianka-Buzka | Khodoriv | Khyriv | Komarno | Lviv | Morshyn | Mostyska | Mykolaiv | Novoiavorivske | Novyi Kalyniv | Novyi Rozdil | Peremyshliany | Pustomyty | Radekhiv | Rava-Ruska | Rudky | Sambir | Skole | Sokal | Sosnivka | Staryi Sambir | Stebnyk | Stryi | Sudova Vyshnia | Truskavets | Turka | Uhniv | Velyki Mosty | Vynnyky | Yavoriv | Zhovkva | Zhydachiv | Zolochiv |
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